In this circuit the 12 DC, two wire is converted to three wire +5 and 0 and -5 dual supply useful for op-amps or other interface circuits.
The thermocouples and some other sensors have an output that is non-linear. That means the mV generated by them are not in direct proportion to the parameter measured.
The purpose of this text is to explore the internal behavior of semiconductor devices, so that we can understand the relation between the device geometry and material parameters on one hand and the resulting electrical characteristics on the other hand.
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